Scene Analysis - Jesse James - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 995 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/09/25 Category History Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? Scene Analysis – The Assassination of Jesse James by The Coward Robert Ford The Assassination of Jesse James breached new heights in the western genre. It is unique in its narrative style and conventions, challenging the norms of the classic western, leading way to a whole new perception of it. Its excessively dramatic overtones reveal a part of the Western world that is so scarcely portrayed, diverting people’s general ideas about it. The film’s narrative focuses on a dying hero as opposed to a reigning hero, and we begin to develop a sense of reality about Jesse James’s character as the film moves on. The beginning stages of the film portrays the legendary, almost inhuman Jesse James figure, and as the film progresses, so does his character, towards the norm of society. The film’s magnificent approach to the western genre had caught my attention and that is why I have chosen analyze a scene from it. I will analyze the train scene near t he beginning of the film, where Jesse James and the rest of his bandits await a train’s arrival before robbing it. This scene captures Jesse James’s mythical figure through the use of specific conventions. The mis-en-scene is a prominent factor in this scene. There is no dialogue, and therefore what we see is important to our understanding and connection with it. The setting is significant with regards to the whole scene. It is set at night in a dingy forest, which enhances the melodramatic feel of it, allowing specific conventions to be used effectively. The dark captures Jesse and his gang’s mythical qualities. They roam the night and are blind to the people around them during the day. As it is a night scene, lighting plays a significant role. As Jesse James awaits the train on the train track, the camera focuses its attention predominantly on his face. The lantern he is holding lights up right side of his face from underneath which contrasts significant ly to the deeply shadowed left side of his face. This contrast captures his intense character, as it brings about dramatic overtones. As the train approaches around the corner a combination of the trains light and smoke fulfils the air and its presence also brings about a dramatic feel to the scene. The shadows in the forest hide the bandits like ghosts, which is effective in that the beginning stages of the film are dealt with Jesse and his Gang’s surreal presence. Finally the silhouette of Jesse’s figure by the train’s light also stands as a significant component in both making the scene spectacular and enhancing his surreal existence. The costume of Jesse James augments his character. His long black coat, black hat and cloth portray him as a ghostlike figure. It makes him seem powerful and reveals a sense that he owns the night. The cloths over the heads of the gang members, literally speaking, resemble ghostly figures. The character of Jesse James is extr emely potent. His calm stance as he awaits the train’s approach reveals his control of the situation, making him exceed the norm of human existence. His expressions are flat, and his intentions and doings seem to follow one path that will only give him what he has set out to do. The rest of his gang members are his followers. They wait in the dark around him, waiting to perform the instructions they have been given by Jesse. They are like daemons awaiting orders from a higher force. The cinematography reveals the power of certain things within the scene. Jesse James’s stature is uplifted when the camera zooms up on his face as well as when there is a low angle shot of his silhouette in the train’s light. The rest of the gang members are shot at eye level, which reveals that they are of less importance, except for Frank James shot from a low angle, who is also an authoritative character in the film. The low shot angle of the train stresses its force and pow er. The train’s power is also resembled when the camera moves with it facing it dead on, as it is being pushed by it. The editing in the scene relates to the whole dramatic feel it incorporates. The most significant aspect apparent is the length of the shots. They lag and focus on specific subjects within the films environment. This captures detail, which is important when Jesse James’s facial expressions are detained. As mentioned before, there is no dialogue, and the combination between this convention and the lengthy shots certainly contributes to the scene’s dramatic overtones. Despite there being no dialogue, the sound in the scene is extremely important in its melodramatic effect. The scene’s initial silence, apart from the odd cricket or rattling stone from the vibration of the track, is suddenly broken by the sound of the train. This brings suspense, but the suspense is suddenly broken by music which cuts out the train’s sounds. The d ramatic music suddenly brings about the dramatic overtones of the scene, and when the sound of the train comes back (loudly) it combines with the music which still persists. This combination between the music and sound of the train is extremely effective to the scene as a whole. It correlates with what is visually observant in the scene. The scene’s artistic qualities are certainly effective in portraying the train scene. Its peculiar conventions seem to persist right through the film, creating a flow of scenes that differs from the classic western of a hero completing his task. The film reverses Jesse James’s heroic stature, which is clearly evident when comparing his mythical character at the beginning of the film and his plain simple character towards the end of. The train scene portrays the best example of him as a legend and that is why I decided to analyze it. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Scene Analysis Jesse James" essay for you Create order

Should Marijuana Be Legalized - 1054 Words

Historically, marijuana has been an illegal substance in Canada since 1923, mainly because of the perspective that the harmful consequences of its abuse and its addictive nature outweigh the significant benefits of making it a legal drug. Although laws have evolved as culture and society has evolved, Canada continues to struggle with the decriminalization of marijuana, despite its numerous benefits, it continues to form an archaic boundary line. This essay will discuss: 1) how laws regarding the possession of marijuana have evolved; 2) how public attitudes have changed; and 3) the reasons why current laws should be changed to legalize marijuana. In 1908, the Opium Act restricted Canadians use, sale, and importation of opium (Carstairs).†¦show more content†¦This was done at a time when racial tensions were high and possibly contributed to the criminalization of marijuana. In 1969, the Canadian government established a Commission of Inquiry into the Non-Medical Use of Drugs. They were known as the Le Dain Commission, named after its chair Dean Gerald Le Dain (Marijuana: Key dates in the evolution of Canadian attitudes, laws). By 1972 Gerald Le Dain along with other members of the inquiry recommended the abolishment of the restriction of marijuana for independent use. As time progressed, societies and nations became more aware of the various uses of marijuana, which came as a result of research and increased knowledge about the potential benefits of marijuana. Other countries began to change their laws towards the decriminalization of marijuana. In 1976, the Netherlands officially legalized the use of marijuana (Marijuana: Key dates in the evolution of Canadian attitudes, laws). One year after, Canadian Prime Minister, Pierre Trudeau, in an address to a group of students stated, â€Å"If you have a joint and you re smoking it for your private pleasure, you shouldn t be hassled(Marijuana: Key dates in the evolution of Canadian attitudes, laws).Also in the United States, New Mexico passed the first state law, acknowledging the medicinal value of marijuana, and followed by California as the first state to officially legalize medicinal marijuana (Marijuana: Key dates in the

Laboratory experiment extraction of DNA from strawberries Essay Example For Students

Laboratory experiment extraction of DNA from strawberries Essay Introduction Deoxyribonucleic acid, short for deoxyribonucleic acid, is present in all life organisms’ cells. It contains a set of instructions that direct the activities of the organism’s development and map. ( Buddies, 2013 ) It is located within a karyon ; a membrane-bound cell organ. ( University of Queensland, 2011 ) Surrounding the karyon, there is the cell wall, chondriosomes, vacuoles, endoplasmic Reticulum, Golgi setup, lysosomes and etc. Deoxyribonucleic acid is composed of three parts: nitrogen-bearing bases ( A, T, G and C ) , sugars and phosphates which form a dual spiral with the linkage of H bonds. ( University of Queensland, 2011 ) In this lab experiment, fresh strawberries were used because strawberry cells could give more Deoxyribonucleic acid than any other fruit for the ground that they are octoploids. ( Buddies, 2013 ) This means that each strawberry cell has eight transcripts its genome ; hence they are able to supply a greater sum of extracted DNA for pupils to see. ( Buddies, 2013 ) Strawberries besides contain bantam enzymes, pectinases and cellulases, which are able to assist to interrupt down cell walls and do the DNA extraction procedure easier and more efficient. ( Sweeney, 2012 ) This activity will show how Deoxyribonucleic acid can be separated from all the other parts of the cell utilizing common family stuffs. The intent of this experiment is to larn how to pull out strawberry Deoxyribonucleic acid by merely utilizing mundane family merchandises and for pupils to see a big sample of seeable Deoxyribonucleic acid because it is predicted that strawberry DNA will be successfully extracted and will go seeable to the bare oculus. Materials and Methods: Three strawberries were put into the microwave and heated for approximately 12 seconds. Next, green roots were removed, and the strawberries were crushed and mashed into strawberry juice by a liquidizer alternatively of utilizing custodies for a better consequence. Then, the strawberry juice was poured into a Ziploc bag along with 2 pip-squeaks of buffer ( a mixture of Dawn dish soap, salt and tap H2O. ) Followed after, the solution was assorted within the Ziploc bag and it was poured into a clean beaker through a large ball of cheese fabrics that was folded twice for best filtration consequences. Afterwards, chilled 99 % ethyl alcohol was easy and carefully poured into the smaller beaker, non upseting the strawberry mixture ( ethanol droplets rolled down the sides of the beaker easy. ) Observations took topographic point after ethyl alcohol was poured, and the precipitate was collected with toothpicks. Consequences and observations were recorded. Consequences: Materials used BEFORE AFTER Strawberries Red, with seeds and green roots Smells fruity, and looked fresh Heated by microwave for about 15seconds Crushed by a liquidizer, Liquid, ruddy, strawberry slush Seeds and strawberry meat assorted together Buffer Clear liquid ; crystalline solution Nose-piercing odor ; smells a spot salty Mixed in with the strawberry solution Expressions like ruddy slush ; to the full assorted Ethyl alcohol Clear and crystalline liquid. Icy cold. Nose-piercing odor. 99 % intoxicant Alcohol creates another stage with the strawberry solution. One bed of clear liquid on top of strawberry juice. A seeable line of division between the two stages. Air bubbles were present Precipitate Clear, pinkish twine like DNA bunchs. Expressions like noodles. Have a smooth touch to it, and could be easy picked up with a toothpick. After adding the chilled ethyl alcohol to the filtered strawberry mixture, two stages became seeable ; ethanol stage and strawberry solution stage. There was a seeable spliting line between them. Within the in-between subdivision of the two stages, precipitate formed. String sections of clear and white gooey substance quickly rose to the surface of the ethyl alcohol while the remainder of the mixture remained the same. Elian Gonzalez Should Stay In The U.S. EssayThe ground why the ethyl alcohol was chilled and iced is because this would increase the output of DNA extracted. ( University of Queensland, 2011 ) Since Deoxyribonucleic acid strands are held together by H bonds, without the protection of atomic membranes and cell membranes, they will go really delicate in warm environments. ( Zumbo, 2012 ) Cold ethyl alcohol besides helps to decelerate down the activity of DNases, or limitation enzymes that protect cells from viruses by destructing any Deoxyribonucleic acid in the cytol. ( Zumbo, 2012 ) Therefore, chilled ethyl alcohol would protect the DNA strands from damaged and later taking to a greater output of extracted strawberry DNA. ( Buddies, 2013 ) Uses for Extracted Strawberry DNA Not merely does strawberry DNA provide pupils with acquisition and biological science cognition, it besides helps out the society in many ways. For illustration: Use the Deoxyribonucleic acid of a extremely disease-resistant strawberry’s cistrons for research intents ( Sweeney, 2012 ) Surveies go arounding the evolutionary history of strawberries could take topographic point ( Sweeney, 2012 ) Genetic research could besides take topographic point by analyzing the DNA strands of strawberries. ( Some chemicals in strawberries are known to decelerate down the growing of some tumours ) . ( Sweeney, 2012 ) Decision: This lab activity was a success, but there are some possible stairss to take for a higher output of extracted strawberry DNA. During the filtration procedure, pupils should hold filtered out the useless strawberry cell debris more carefully. This manner, they would hold gotten a clearer DNA solution, which would so ensue in a faster and more dynamic reaction between ethyl alcohol and the filtered solution. Merely like the anticipations in the beginning of this lab activity, the consequence was a big measure of clear, pinkish and slimed strands of Deoxyribonucleic acid that looked like spaghetti noodles. Despite of the simple process, the consequences were still highly obvious, even to the bare oculus. It was truly easy to see the white DNA strands within the reddish-pink strawberry juice solution. Overall, it was a successful and interesting experiment, and a nice sum of cognition was gained throughout the procedure. Bibliography Buddies. ( 2013, January 31 ) . Spongy Science: Extract Deoxyribonucleic acid from Smashed Strawberries.Scientific American. Retrieved March 29, 2014, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.scientificamerican.com/article/squishy- science-extract-dna-from-smashed-strawberries/ Sweeney, D. ( 2012, October 20 ) . DNA Isolation from Strawberries.Department of Genome Sciences. Retrieved March 30, 2014, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.gs.washington.edu/outreach/dhillon_dnaprocedure.pdf University of Queensland. ( 2011 ) The University of Queensland.Strawberry DNA extraction experiment. Retrieved March 30, 2014, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.imb.uq.edu.au/strawberry-dna-extraction- experiment Wasserman, R. ( 2010, May 11 ) . Why Is Sodium Used in DNA Extraction? .eHow. Retrieved March 30, 2014, from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ehow.com/about_6504902_sodium-used-dna-extraction_.html Zumbo. ( 2012 ) . Ethanol Precipitation.DEPARTMENT OF PHYSIOLOGY A ; BIOPHYSICS. Retrieved March 30, 2014, from hypertext transfer protocol: //physiology.med.cornell.edu/faculty/mason/lab/zumbo/files/ETHANOL_PRECIP itation.pdf

The Importance of Evaluating Human Resource Management

The Importance of Evaluating Human Resource Management The effectiveness of human resource management (HRM) needs to be evaluated due to the following reasons. First, it helps the organization to determine if its HRM practices are credible (Gibbs, 2010, pp. 58-75).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Importance of Evaluating Human Resource Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is achieved through internal and external evaluations on the HRM practices. While the internal evaluation concentrates on the costs and benefits of HRM, external evaluation concentrates on the overall contribution of the HRM to an organization. Second, the effectiveness of HRM is evaluated to enhance the performance of the business (Gibbs, 2010, pp. 58-75). It helps the firm to adjust its human resources accordingly in order to increase its profits, market share and quality of products. Finally, the evaluation helps the firm to e nsure that its employees’ skills meet the requirements of the organization (Gibbs, 2010, pp. 58-75). The effectiveness of HRM is measured by the following criteria. First, the evaluation should measure employees’ commitment. In this case the evaluation will seek to determine the degree to which organizational policies facilitate employees’ commitment to the firm (Mclean, 2006, pp. 143-156). Second, the competency levels should be measured. Competency measures the ability of HRM policies to attract and retain talented employees. Third, the cost effectiveness of the HRM system should be considered. This measures the â€Å"fiscal proficiency of HRM policies in terms of wages, benefits, turnover and absenteeism† (Mclean, 2006, pp. 143-156). Finally, the evaluation should measure congruence. This means that the evaluation should analyze the ability of HRM policies to promote and maintain cooperation both within and without the organization (Mclean, 2006, pp. 1 43-156). The assessment process should also evaluate the efficiency of the HRM system in terms of its ability to reduce the time needed for a give task. The HRM system is considered effective it satisfies these criterions.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Managing Occupational Health and Safety Managing occupational health is one of the responsibilities of the human resources department and it focuses on protecting the welfare of the employees and their families. Most organizations focus on occupational health and safety management since it is a legal requirement (Robson, Clarke and Cullen, 2007, pp. 329-353). The labor laws require all employers to provide a safe and secure work environment. Failure to observe this requirement can lead to sever consequences such as cancelation of licenses. Organizations also focus on occupational health and safety management in order to prev ent injuries or loss of life at the workplace (Robson, Clarke and Cullen, 2007, pp. 329-353). Even though occupational health and safety management involves a lot of costs, it is associated with the following benefits. It helps companies to avoid losses attributed to injuries at the workplace (Dellve, Skagert and Eklof, 2009, pp. 965-970). Such injuries can lead to expensive law suites and compensations for damages if the court rules in favor of the injured employee. Research indicates that the physical wellbeing of employees has a direct impact on their productivity (Dellve, Skagert and Eklof, 2009, pp. 965-970). This means that healthy employees will perform better as compared to those with poor health conditions. Occupational health and safety management practices such as behavior change programs help in improving employees’ health. This translates into high productivity by preventing reduction in productivity due to cases of sicknesses (Dellve, Skagert and Eklof, 2009, pp . 965-970).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Importance of Evaluating Human Resource Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Besides, the employees will be highly motivated if their health and safety is guaranteed at the workplace. For example, workers in a chemical plant will be motivated to work if they are protected from the side effects of the chemicals they manufacture. Protecting the health and safety of workers also helps in improving the image of the firm. Work Designs Apart from managing occupational health and safety, the human resources department is also responsible for designing work for employees. Work design involves â€Å"dividing the roles and responsibilities among the employees or members of various groups in an organization† (Robertson, 2000, pp. 121-146). Over the last two decades, the process of work design has tremendously changed in response to changes in the roles of human resources department, organizational needs and the business environment. Job evaluation for instance has become an integral part of work design. It has become the basis for determining pay grades, responsibilities and even working conditions (Robertson, 2000, pp. 121-146). The roles of the stakeholders in work design have also changed significantly. The managers have since increased their participation in the work design process since they are the main users of the information resulting from the process (Robertson, 2000, pp. 121-146). The role of the human resources officers has changed from dictating what should be done to giving guidance on how to embrace best practice. The process of designing work in future will be influenced by the following factors or challanges. First, technological advancements will change the methods of production or service provision and this will impact on the roles of employees (Lewig, Xanthopoulou and Bakker, 2007, pp. 429-445). Thus the challenge in wo rk design will be how to avoid duplication of roles, prevent competition between machines and employees as well as utilizing the full potential of employees. Second, globalization presents the challenge of meeting international standards in work design (Lewig, Xanthopoulou and Bakker, 2007, pp. 429-445).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More As globalization increases, firms will need flexible and internationally accepted work designs. Finally, economic factors such as high competition will lead to more mergers and takeovers. Thus the human resources department will face the challenge of designing work that takes into account the skills of employees from diverse backgrounds. Performance Management It is the responsibility of the human resources department to manage the performance of employees in order to enhance high productivity. Performance management is linked to other functions of human resources management and this can be explained as follows. To begin with, performance management is linked to the process of employee recruitment (Nankerris and Stanton, 2010, pp. 136-151). Based on the performance of existing employees and the needs of the organization, the human resources department will be able to identify and hire the right employees. Performance evaluation being part of performance management helps in developin g the goals and objectives of staff training and development (Nankerris and Stanton, 2010, pp. 136-151). This is because it helps in identifying the training needs of the employees. It also helps in developing motivational and reward strategies. Performance management can help in assessing the effect of various reward strategies. Managing the performance of employees is always characterized by the following challenges. Most organizations lack talented employees with sufficient knowledge of labor laws (Mitlacher, 2006, pp. 67-81). Such organizations are not able to conduct performance management in line with the legal framework. Some human resources officers also lack essential performance management skills especially in performance appraisals (Mitlacher, 2006, pp. 67-81). Most systems used in performance appraisals are less effective since they do not capture all aspects of the employees’ performance (Mitlacher, 2006, pp. 67-81). This undermines the integrity of performance m anagement. Effective performance management is also adversely affected by lack of resources to support it which leads to poor outcomes. References Dellve, L., Skagert, K. and Eklof, M. 2009. The impact of systematic occupational health and safety management for occupational disorders and long-term work attendance. Social Science and Medicine. 67(6), pp. 965-970. Gibbs, S. 2010. Evaluating HRM effectiveness: the stereotype connection. Employee Relations. 22(1), pp. 58-75. Lewig, K., Xanthopoulou, D. and Bakker, A. 2007. Burnout and connectedness among Australian volunteers: a test of the job demands. Journal of Vocational Behavior. 71(3), pp. 429-445. Mclean, M. 2006. Evaluating the importance and performance of the human resources function: an examinations of a medium sized Scottish retailer. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services. 13(2), pp. 143-156. Mitlacher, L. 2006. The organization of human resource management in temporary work agencies. Human Resource Management Review. 1 6(1), pp. 67-81. Nankerris, A. and Stanton, P. 2010. Managing employee performance in small organizations: challenges and opportunities. International Journal of Human Resource Development and Management. 10(2), pp. 136-151. Robertson, T. 2000. Building bridges: negotiating the gap between work practice and technology design. International Journal of Human-Computer studies. 53(1), pp. 121-146. Robson, L., Clarke, J. and Cullen, K. 2007. The effectiveness of occupational health and safety management system interventions: a systematic review. Safety Science. 45(3), pp.329-353. This essay on The Importance of Evaluating Human Resource Management was written and submitted by user Orlando Charles to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Romeo And Juliet - Chain Of Human Actions Essays -

Romeo and Juliet - Chain of Human Actions In the play Romeo and Juliet, by William Shakespeare, two teenagers are controlled by a chain of human actions. Act 4, scenes 1,3 and 5, are a good representation of the web of human actions that cause tragedy between the pair of star crossed lovers (prologue). One example of human actions being dominant in those particular scenes is Friar Lawrence. His actions, while being in good intent, caused much of the pain for the other characters in the book. His first action was to offer his help to the depressed Juliet, thinking that maybe he could spy a kind of hope (Act 4, sc i, ll 68). His actions then led him to think of the fake death which he tells to her. Hold then, go home, be merry (Act 4, sc i, ll 89), he tells her, while he gives her the poison and plans to give Romeo a message describing the plan. He doesnt however, make sure Romeo gets the message which is probably the most crucial human action in the play. The other example of human actions controlling the plot is Juliet. In those scenes she acts in ways which seriously affect her life and the rest of the play. First, she comes to the Friar looking for help. I long to die, if what thou speakst speak not of remedy (Act 4, sc i, ll 66-67) is her attitude towards her situation. She then accepts the friars solution and decides to take the poison. Give me, give me! Oh tell me not of fear (Act 4, sc 1, ll 121) are her words spoken to the friar. Her actions here are to be brave and to rush into the plan. Her actions are more important than the friars in this scene because she has all the control. The friars actions are mostly suggestions and thoughts while her actions are the ones that are physical and are actually put into use. This scene isnt the only scene that demonstrates human actions controlling the play. For example, in the very first scene, Tybalt and Benvolio fight causing a certain amount of tension that sets the play up for some of the major events that happen later. Another example of this is when Romeo and Juliet meet, Romeo goes out of his way to see her again, once more, setting up the plot. The web of human actions gets larger and stronger until finally, the two biggest human actions occur and the two main characters lay dead. Lay dead because the actions they took led them to suicide. This incident, as tragic as it is, could probably have been avoided. If the actions that were taken by the characters had been planned better and the consequences had been thought about maybe a better outcome would have been reached. For example, if Friar Lawrence had thought about what would happen if Romeo didnt receive the message in time, he probably would have taken better precautions. Or maybe if Romeo had thought twice about killing Tybalt, he would have realized that it couldnt help getting closer to Juliet. Therefore, my advice in this situation is to think hard about your actions. Dont be caught up in the outcomes of them like Romeo and Juliet did.

Numskulls, Noodles, and Nincompoops

Numskulls, Noodles, and Nincompoops Numskulls, Noodles, and Nincompoops Numskulls, Noodles, and Nincompoops By Maeve Maddox When I began to research words meaning stupid person, I expected to find ten or so common ones and be done with it. Instead Ive found dozens upon dozens of English words used to describe a person of perceived limited intelligence. I plan to continue my research, but here are twelve for a start. cretin This term has a medical meaning, so its use as an insult is unfortunate. Medically speaking, a cretin is a person who suffered from thyroid deficiency in the fetal stage. Two symptoms of cretinism in children are dwarfed stature and mental retardation. In the 18th century, the age of Pope and Dryden, every fashionable person aspired to be a Wit, someone who could show off learning and clever association of ideas with neat, quotable phrases and quips. (Kind of like speech writers hoping to turn out memorable sound bites.) The noun wit, in the sense of knowedge, intelligence, quick-thinking, spawned several words to denote a stupid person. half-wit Originally, just a wannabe Wit whose verse and jokes were pretty lame. The term quickly came to mean someone lacking in his wits. nitwit In German and in Yiddish, nit means nothing. I suppose a nitwit must be another level down from a half-wit. (First recorded use 1922.) twit This is British slang dating from the 1930s. I first heard it in the Sixties when I lived in England. Thanks to cross-Atlantic linguistic fertilization, Americans have adopted it. Twit may derive from an Old English verb meaning to reproach, or it may be a development of nitwit. ninny Innocence, sadly enough, is often equated with stupidity, Its thought that ninny, meaning stupid person, derives from the word innocent. Innocent was once a common given name whose pet form was Ninny. There may be a connection with the Italian word ninno, meaning baby or child. noodle Noodle meaning simpleton is probably unrelated to noodle meaning pasta. Noodle meaning stupid person was in use as early as 1753. The word noodle to denote the edible substance is first attested in English in 1779. numskull Ive always spelled it numbskull, but the form without the b seems to be more common. Its a combined form of numb (devoid of sensation) + skull. A skull (brain) that cant feel anything cannot, presumably, do much thinking. nincompoop A little old fashioned, perhaps, but nincompoop rolls nicely off the tongue. Dr. Johnson (1709-1784) thought it came from the legal phrase non compos mentis, meaning mentally incompetent. Etymologists challenge Johnson because the earlier forms were spelled without the second n. simpleton This word, simple + ton, was made on the model of a surname, ex. Templeton, Washington. The word simple has gone through several meanings. When simpleton was coined, the word simple indicated devoid of duplicityanother example of a positive trait coming to be equated with stupidity. A shorter form, simp, is circus slang for a simpleton. dunce This word is usually applied to a stupid student. It derives from the name of John Duns Scotus (c. 1265-1308). Duns Scotus was a medieval scholar whose work was viewed as hopelessly old-fashioned and nit-picky by progressive 16th century thinkers. Philosophers who still valued the works of Duns Scotus and argued along his lines of thought were called dunces by their opponents. In time the word dunce came to apply to any student who didnt learn his lessons. gonzo Journalist Hunter S. Thompson put this word into the American vocabulary by coining the expression gonzo journalism. Websters Unabridged notes origin unknown, but there is an Italian word gonzo that means simpleton or blockhead. Thompson was thinking of irresponsible journalism that mixes fact and fiction and is presented as truth. Possibly gonzo isnt so much a stupid person as a person who writes inaccurate and misleading news stories. dumbass This pejorative combines dumb with ass. Dumb started out as a word meaning mute, unable to speak. As so often happens in an unkind universe, a physical handicap came to be equated with stupidity. From dumb comes dummy, another synomym for stupid person. Among the various meanings of ass is donkey. As early as ancient Greece, the animal was equated with clumsiness and stupidity. Languages tend to have multiple words relating to concepts of particular interest or importance in a culture. For example, people of the north use many words related to cold weather: snow, ice, slush, sleet, blizzard, flurry, avalanche, powder, etc. People who raise horses have numerous words for various kinds: stallion, gelding, mare, filly, foal, bronco, hunter, Morgan, pony, etc. Could this abundance of English words for stupid person be a cause for concern? Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:English Grammar 101: All You Need to KnowGrammar Quiz #21: Restrictive and Nonrestrictive ClausesA Yes-and-No Answer About Hyphenating Phrases

DRVVT test Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

DRVVT test - Lab Report Example This means that there is the presence of common pathway clotting factors in at least 30% activity. Failure to detect APS could be as a result of mishandling of patient samples. In this case, there could be an introduction of protein contaminants of the same nature thus make it difficult to distinguish APS proteins from the other protein contaminants. Anionic phospholipids serve as strong cofactors required for the gathering of 3 different coagulation complexes when they get exposed on the apical cell membrane surface. These coagulation complexes are the tissue factor-VIIa complex, the Xa-Va complex, and the IXa-VIIIa complex, which participate in blood coagulation. In this way, they are able to enhance the activity of phospholipid-dependent coagulation factors. Vitamin K is an essential contributor in the synthesis of a number of proteins that participate in blood coagulation and also anticoagulation. It is an essential cofactor for a carboxylase enzyme that catalyses the carboxylation of glutamic acid residues found on vitamin K-dependent proteins that participate coagulation. These proteins include prothrombin factors II, VII, IX and X Sources of vitamin K include leafy greens, liver, and cauliflower. Vitamin K is also largely synthesized in the large intestines by bacteria. It is important to note that vitamin K is fat-soluble in nature and that obtained from foods as well as that produce by microbes in the large intestines get absorbed into intestinal lymph together with other

Clan of the Cave Bear Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Clan of the Cave Bear - Term Paper Example The woman’s name is Iza and she requests the clans leader,’Brun’ since the girl belonged to a distrusted antagonists of the clan and as such they had been nicknamed, â€Å"the others†. With the help of her brother who happens to be the â€Å"Mog-ur† of the group in spite of him being disabled. It happens that immediately the group adopts Ayla they are lucky and find another cave. Therefore she is adored and is seen as a good omen to the clan. In fact better thing come their way from that time. She is even given the role of becoming the next Mog-ur of the new cave. However, the young man who is expected to that over the clans leadership is angered by the way she is being envied by most people plans to avenge (Auel 1-211). Paleoenvironment Flora refers to the plants while fauna refers to the wildlife and they are distinct from place to place. In the case of this book the environment hosts a lot of animals and plant. In fact, it is evident from the boo k that the caves are in a forest. This has made the lives of the Neandertal to be easily since they are hunters and gathers as well as farmers. The farming aspect can be seen though the readily available green vegetables and plants like cinnamon. More so they have horses which are tamed (Auel 14).The fact also that there is a Mug-ur and a sister medicine woman revels the presence of many indigenous trees (Auel 94). Another example is revealed when Durc is heard telling Vorn how his hunt had favored him and he caught a deer that was being cooked by his mate (Auel 19). Further there are many fruits and this is revealed by Ura when he says, that cinnamon tastes good with apples. Moreover, the presence of foods like bread and cakes demonstrates that wheat was being cultivated (Auel 208). In addition, there are many birds in this setting as defined in this text of songbirds and squirrels fly (Auel 18). Lastly the book demonstrates that there are a lot of greens most of which was used by the clan as food (Auel 100). Neandertals v. Moderns There are very many anatomical, behavioral, and mental differences between the Neandertals and the current world people. For example their mode of survival in the Neandertals is totally different they have demonstrated to be almost supernatural if they can live in cave under ice and harsh cold conditions (Auel 19). Moreover, their eating habits are not what a modern day person would prefer. They survived on mainly wild meat and fruits and even used herbs as their only medication. Consequently, these people have been portrayed as being illiterate a thing that is almost inexistent in the modern would. However they have proved that literacy I not wisdom because they have demonstrated that even with the lack of basic education they were able to survive under hardships and they even had leaders and a medicine woman (Auel 23). Lastly but not the least their adaptation to harsh cold weather is seen as having a big start at an early age. T his is seen through the many children that the Neandertals bore and raised. The Neandertals also have a difference with the modern people through their neighborliness and harmonious way of living. They mind and watched each other closely and yet they were able to maintain respect for each other.

School Size And Achievement Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

School Size And Achievement - Research Paper Example This essay stresses that the type of schools that students attend have been found to impact on the achievements that they get despite importance in potential. In the examination of the impact, there is the use of cross sectional data to bring the issue. There has been the finding that the relationship that occurs between one that attends middle or junior or junior high schools and the performance of the students. The study that was conducted could not well allow the conclusion whether the difference was due to the difference in the grade level configuration in characteristics across different characteristic and configuration .The studies that were conducted were focused on the non-academic outcomes such as self-esteem, school safety and suspension. The main aim of the study is that it discovers the subject of middle and junior high schools in a Canadian context. In addition, the paper uses longitudinal data from an entire province versus a single city. This is an important exercise as New York City has an exclusive educational environment, and results from that city may not be generalizable to other settings and locations. For instance, unlike New York City, British Columbia has a wide variety of urban and rural schools over a very large geographic area

Politics and Social Policy in Australia

Politics and Social Policy in Australia Social policy are the guidelines used for the changing, maintenance or the creation of living conditions that are perceived to be conducive to the welfare of human beings or people. This is what makes it part of the public policy that deals with social issues (Alcock, Erskine, May, 2003). Social policy applies to the policies used by governments for welfare and social protection. The main concern under this is the social services and the welfare of the state. Social policy also applies to the ways in which the welfare is developed within a given society where it stands for a range of issues which extend far beyond the governments actions. This includes the ways used to promote the welfare and the social-economic conditions which enable or shape the development of the welfare. Social Policy can be used to refer to the academic study of the subject. The main aim of Social Policies is to improve the welfare of human beings by for instance meeting their various needs. It can thus be defined as public policy and practice in the areas of health care, human services, labour, education, inequality and other issues like criminal justice. Social policy can be influenced by among other things, religion and the politician’s religious beliefs. The conservatives in the political arena prefer a more traditional approach which can be able to favour individual initiative and private enterprise in social policy. Those who are considered to be political liberals are for the idea of guaranteeing equal rights and entitlements to everybody. They prefer using the state regulation or insurance so as to support their ideologies. Although in some areas Social policy is only known for the regulation and governing of human behaviour as far as sexuality and morality issues are concerned, social policies deal with among other things; the rules surrounding marriage and divorce in most societies, adoption, legal status of recreational drugs, prostitution, euthanasia, abortion and how its practice can be regulated(Alcock, 2003). Social Policy and administration was developed in the early twentieth century with an aim of complementing the social work studies. The subject has since developed to become an academic subject concerned with the welfare of the state and social services. It is not a discipline but a subject area which borrows a lot from social science disciplines like sociology, social work, economics, political science, history, philosophy, law among others (Alcock, 2003). Welfare State is an English term used to refer to the provision of welfare services to people by the government (Titmuss, 1963). This type of provision indicates that the concerned government assumes responsibility for the welfare of its citizens. States which provide the welfare state are referred to as welfare states. In some states, the welfare state is provided by government services which may either be independent or voluntary. The provider of the welfare services can also be the state government or a company or agency sponsored by the state, a private company or organization or a non-profit organization. In such cases, the welfare state changes and it is replaced with other terms like ‘welfare system’ and ‘welfare society’. Welfare is used to mean ‘well being’. For instance in welfare economics, it is used in terms of the well being and interests of people and the things which they choose to have. Welfare can also be used to refer to various services provided by the state to protect people under different conditions; for instance health, after retirement, childhood etc. In the European Union, this is called Social Protection. In the United States, welfare is the financial aid given to the poor people for instance the Temporary Aid which is given to Needy families in America (Titmuss, 1963). The welfare state means different things in different countries. In some countries, it may be used to mean the ideal provision model for the citizens whereby the state takes the responsibility to provide comprehensive and universal welfare of its citizens which is basically the welfare provided by the state. In countries where the term means social protection, the provision is undertaken by the combination of independent, voluntary and government services; this is what makes the countries be referred to as welfare states (Holetzky, 2006). In as much as Welfare is associated with needs of the people, it is aimed to cover beyond what people need and with it to look into wellbeing, to provide people with choices and enable them to choose their personal goals, aims, objectives or ambitions. Welfare state is therefore a government that completely provides for the welfare of its citizens. This is what makes it involved in the lives of the citizens by providing for their physical, material and social needs instead of the people providing for their own. The main purpose for this is to create economic equality among the citizens and ensure that the standards of living are equitable for all citizens. Among the things provided by the welfare state are education, housing, sustenance, healthcare, unemployment insurance, pension, supplemental income, and equal wages by controlling price and wages, public transport, childcare among other goods and services. The provisions are paid for through government insurance programs and taxes. Arguments for welfare. A number of arguments for collective provision have been put across. Most governments should be in a position to recognize the arguments which support the provision of the welfare (Spicker, 2008). The arguments are however not about whether the welfare should exist but how much provision should be allocated. The arguments supporting welfare are; Humanitarian, where the major concern is poverty and this makes provision of welfare a key concern in the developments associated with welfare provision. The other argument is Religious. The major religions in the world advocate for charity as a religious duty and almost all religions require collective responsibility in the community where one lives or what can be referred to as mutual social responsibility. The third argument for the provision of welfare is Mutual Self-Interest. This is due to the many welfare systems developed from a combination of mutualistic activities as opposed to those from state activities. The other argument is democratic in that the social protection is put in place hand-in-hand with the existing democratic rights. Finally, the argument for provision of welfare is what is referred to as Practical. The explanation behind this is that welfare provision has social and economic benefits. The countries which have widespread systems of social protection towards the citizens tend to be richer with very low levels of poverty; however it is hard to establish what comes before the other, the welfare or the wealth (Holetzky, 2006). It is important to give welfare to the poor in any society (Vives, 1999). This can be done by for instance provision of work for those who are able but poor. This will curb idleness among those who are not financially stable provided that the victims are fit for work health wise and age wise. The state can help those living in poverty by ensuring that they have learnt a certain trade which will ensure that they can be able to provide for themselves and any other people who depend on them. The other group of people who should be given welfare are the dissipated. Much as their fortunes have dissipated through dissolute living, the state should ensure that no one dies of hunger. This group of people should however be given smaller rations and more demanding duties. In order to ensure that the welfare is not put to the wrong use, the states should ensure that all the institutions dealing with state welfare are corruption free. On the same note, everyone concerned with the welfare should perform their tasks humanely and with a lot of kindness, intimidation should never be put to use since this will be considered abuse of the power bestowed to them. Welfare should be given to all citizens who cannot access the basic requirements and there are a number of advantages; first, the states without any beggars are honoured since greater peace prevails whenever everyone is provided for. The state also gains in that more citizens become more morally upright, law abiding and useful to a state which sustains them or provides a means of livelihood for them (Vives, 1999). The second advantage is that there will be fewer incidents of violence and other evils associated with poverty like theft, murders, capital offences etc. The reason for this is that poverty has a way of luring people into bad habits and provoking crime. Provision of welfare ensures greater concord among people of different classes, which are the poor and the wealthy. Arguments against welfare. The radical right are for the objection to the provision of welfare. The reason for this is that welfare violates the freedom of the people, its redistribution according to the radical right is theft and taxation can only be equated to forced labour (Spicker, 2008). Their arguments are based on the assumptions that; everyone has the absolute right to use property as it pleases them. The people in any society are interdependent and the production of property depends on social arrangements, the rights to that property are conventional and the liability to taxation is part of those conventions. The other assumption is that the people are not for the idea of welfare provision since the redistributive arrangements are based on coercion. However, this is not necessarily true due to the fact that several countries in the world have developed welfare systems on a voluntary or mutualist basis for instance in Denmark, Finland and Sweden. The other assumption is that the rights of the individual are the supreme factor in the entire process. However, it does not make sense for a person to own all the food in the region while all the others are staving, the others should at least have some moral claim on it. Consequently, much as the property rights are important, not many people would argue that they are more important than other moral values. The other argument that the radical rights have against the provision of welfare is that welfare state has undesirable effects in practice. Economically, the argument is that economic development is more important for welfare than social provision. The radical rights also argue that the welfare state tends to undermine economic performance but no evidence has been provided to support this argument. Socially, the welfare state is accused of boosting dependency and in a way trapping people to in poverty. Proof on the dynamics of poverty indicates that dependency and poverty can not be classified as long-term. Although both tend to affect people at different stages in the course of their lives, the population of those who claim for welfare is always changing and not constant as it might appear (Spicker, 2008). The radical right argues for a residual system but the result of this is the separation and exclusion of people by the welfare. Though most of the advanced societies provide for the state welfare, its philosophy is that most of the beneficiaries who are capable of caring for them are not motivated to improve their lives when they have the option of depending on the government. This tends to breed hatred or resentment those who work hard but are forced to pay for the people who are not working through high taxes. This can easily lead to class warfare and prevent equality among citizens (Spicker, 2008). Conclusion. In Contemporary Australia, the state welfare is justified as a result of their benefits to the nation. According to Saunders (2007), there is an organized welfare lobby in Australia which keeps pushing for higher government spending. They use the poverty statistics to justify their claims that poverty is widespread and threatening to get worse. Australian poverty is a product of joblessness and the solution for these is not to increase welfare payments but to ensure more of those who claim welfare get into work. The number of those relying on welfare payments as a source of income has risen from three percent in the 1960s to sixteen percent. There is need for the re-examination of how the tax and welfare systems interact since most people pay a lot of income tax to the government only for their money to be tossed back to them through family payments and government welfare services (Saunders, 2007). The reason why it was established that the Australians could be more self-reliant especially if they were allowed to keep more of their earnings in place of the reduction on their level of dependence on the government provisions. References. Alcock, P., Erskine, A., May M. (Eds) (2003). The students companion to social policy. Blackwell. Holetzky, S. (2006) Conjecture Corporation. What is a Welfare State? Wise Geek. Retrieved on 23/08/08 from http://www.wisegeek.com Legrand, J. Propper, C. Robinson, R. (1992). The economics of social problems, Macmillan Saunders P. (2007). The Welfare State. The Center for Independent Studies. Retrieved on 23/08/08 from http://www.cis.org.au/research/welfare. Spicker, P. (2008). Social policy: Themes and Approaches. Policy Press. Titmuss, R. M. (1963). Essays on the Welfare State. Allen and Unwin. Vives, J. L. (1968). Vives’ Introduction to Wisdom. Teachers College Press, Columbia University: New York. Vives, J. L. (1999). On Assistance to the Poor. University of Toronto Press: Toronto.

Servicescape for Hotel

Service and Customer Management Final Report â€Å"Little Woods† Submitted to: Dr. Mohan N J Monteiro Submitted by: Group 5 (Section-B) Jayakrishnan Nair N J (11023) Sourabh Rai (11053) Prasad Krishna (11094) Bhushan Atul Ashok (11131) Rishi Kumar Gandhi (11164) 1|Page â€Å"Final Report†, Group-5(Sec-B) Table of content: Introduction: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 1 Positioning Services: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Competitive advantage through Market focus: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã ¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 1 Developing an effective positioning strategy: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 1 Market Analysis: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 1 Internal Corporate Analysis: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 1 Competitor Analysis: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 7 Ps of Service marketing for Little Woods: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 2 Managing relationship and building loyalty: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 3 Consumer Behaviour: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 3 Pre-purchase stage: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 3 Service Encounter Stage: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Post Purchase Stage: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 6 Three parts of this script that â€Å"went smoothly† and conformed to our expectations:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 6 Three parts of this script that deviated from our expectations: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢ € ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 7 The Servicescapes Model- An Integrative Framework: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 7 Internal Responses: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Environment and Cognition: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 7 Environment and Emotion: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã ¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 8 Environment and psychology: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 8 Service Blueprint: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 9 Final Report†, Group-5(Sec-B) Introduction: Little Woods is one of the most popular restaurants on the Chamundi Hill road being visited by a number of people from Siddhartha Nagar and the nearby apartments. The various varieties of food items along with the lightening fast service makes it one of the most sought after restaurants in the vicinity. Positioning Services: Competitive advantage through Market focus: Market focussed strategy is one of the strategies where an organisation provides a variety of services in a limited market.When we put Little Woods on the positioning map, it comes around moderate service with moderate price. Developing an effective positioning strategy: Market Analysis: Location: The restaurant is strategically located on the main road which leads to the Chamundi Hills. It’s readily visible by anyone who travels on this road. The display boards on the road s ide also attract a lot of people to take note of the location of the restaurant. Composition: Little Woods has had a strong competitor named Pate Bharlo (now Cafe Hotel) which used to offer both vegetarian and non-vegetarian food.Generally it’s found that pure vegetarians do not prefer to eat in a restaurant which offers both vegetarian and non-vegetarian food items. So, it can be said that the target audience of Pate Bharlo was non-vegetarian people. Inspite of such a focussed target mark et, Pate Bharlo eventually had to wrap up its operations due to huge losses and lack of customer base. At the same time, Little Woods performed very well and its customer base kept on increasing. This shows that most of the people in the target market are vegetarians. The more a restaurant offers varieties, the more benefits a person derives.When someone sees another variety of an item in a particular category, he tends to order that item and thus derives more benefit. This happens in any category of food items. Hence, it ’s important to offer more and more variety of offerings in order to provide more benefits to the customers and retain them in the long run. Internal Corporate Analysis: One of the resource constraints of Little Woods is the space constraint. Little Woods has a limited space and hence it targets a limited segment on the basis of the geographic area in and around Siddhartha Nagar. |Page â€Å"Final Report†, Group-5(Sec-B) Competitor Analysis: The found ers of Little Woods have a vast experience dealing with this business. They have a couple of more restaurants in Mysore and this has helped them to know the tastes of the people and create harmonious relations with the vegetable vendors. Little Woods is a pure vegetarian restaurant. Hence, it has created a very much focussed market for itself where most of the people who are pure vegetarians are its customers. The other set of customers are the ones who eat both vegetarian and non-vegetarian items. Ps of Service marketing for Little Woods: Product: ? Core products of Little Woods are North-Indian food items, South-Indian food items, juices, ice-creams. Little Woods product includes vegetarian items ? Supplementary products include the parking facility, ambience, lighting, music etc which creates a wonderful and hassle-free experience for the customers. ? Quality level of the food is in par with many of the major restaurants ? Product line includes South Indian, North Indian, Beverag es and snacks ? Parcel facilities are available with home delivery services provided Price: They provide flexibility; certain dishes are available in North Indian and South Indian tastes ? Price level of all the dishes are quite affordable ? They provide certain allowances for regular customers as well as students of institutes nearby to attract them Place: ? It is on the way to Chamundi which is tourist destination thereby trying to attract devotees and other tourists ? It is a single outlet restaurant ? Since the restaurant is located in a main road it is easily accessible to general public ? It has a good parking space which makes the place suitable for travellers Promotion: Word of mouth publicity is one of the most effective methods of marketing and this is the reason why it is viewed positively by the people ? The roadside boards on Chamundi Hill road and a big banner in the Siddhartha Nagar circle are the other promotional aspects used by Little Woods People: ? Little Woods p rovides on the job training to the new employees where they are taught the intricacies of the work to be done. 2|Page â€Å"Final Report†, Group-5(Sec-B) ? ? ? Employees patiently hear any grievances by the people and get it rectified as soon as possible in order to give the best possible service to the customers.They are fluent in Kannada and Hindi but they do not understand English Most of the Customers are those people who live nearby and devotees/ travellers to Chamundi Hill. The students from nearby institute also goes there Process: ? Level of customer involvement is very low as they do not provide adequate training to employees ? Flow of activities include Home delivery service, parcel provisions, serving in restaurant, also a provision to provide food in customer’s vehicles Physical Evidence: ? They have employee dress code but it is rarely followed ? They have 2 floors with closed space and an open area They provide good ambience but they do not have separate air conditioned area ? They play music in the restaurant which is melodious Managing relationship and building loyalty: Little Woods offers 10% discount on the final bill for the SDMIMD students. However this is given only when the amount exceeds Rs 200. This is offered to the other regular customers too. Consumer Behaviour: Pre-purchase stage: We have already visited Little Woods a number of times since the last one year and are familiar with the quality of the food served over there. Most of the Wednesdays when the mess remains off, we usually go there to have a sumptuous dinner.Even this time, expecting a very delicious food, we visited this restaurant which has become one of the most popular restaurants to visit among the student community in SDMIMD. The most important factors to visit it by us are the proximity to our college; and the appetizing taste as well as the wide variety of food available over there. Service Encounter Stage: Customer 1. Form a group of 6 friends and arr ive in the hotel 3|Page Waiter Chef Cashier â€Å"Final Report†, Group-5(Sec-B) 2. See if there is a table for 6. If not, then we ourselves pull some chairs and tables to make sure that everyone can at together 3. Waiter comes with a glasses of water and a menu card 4. We discuss the items to be ordered ourselves 5. We call the waiter to place an order 6. Waiter arrived and took the order in his notebook 7. Waiter goes to the kitchen and communicates the order to the chef 8. Waited for 10 minutes after which we call the waiter to ask him how much more time will it take. 9. He tells us 15 minutes more, hearing which we order cold drinks. 10. He gets the cold drinks in 5 minutes. 11. After 10 minutes, the chef hands over our order to the waiter in a tray. 12. The waiter gets the ood for everyone to devour. 4|Page â€Å"Final Report†, Group-5(Sec-B) 13. We find out that the waiter has actually brought Chilli Paneer Dry instead of Chilli Paneer Curry and Veg Hyderabadi ins tead of Paneer Hyderabadi. 14. We straightaway notify the waiter about the issue and ask him to take away the items which we didn't order and ask him how much more time will it take to get the items which we had previously ordered. He tells us that we have to wait for 10 more minutes. 15. We start eating whatever items we have on the table and notice that we do not have onions, which are usually omplementary for SDM students. We call the waiter. 16. We ask for the onions, which he promptly arrives with within 2 minutes. 17. 10 minutes had already passed and our 2 items had not yet arrived. We called the waiter again. 18. The waiter told us that we had to wait for 5 more minutes and apologised for the delay when he saw us getting irritated with the delay. 5|Page â€Å"Final Report†, Group-5(Sec-B) 19. The items surprisingly arrived within the next 2 minutes and we ate the delicious spicy food which we had been waiting for so long. 20. We ask the waiter for the bill. 21. The wa iter goes to the ashier to get the bill. 22. We find out that the items which we had been mistakenly given previously had also been billed and the customary discount given to the SDM students was also not included. 23. We ourselves go to the cashier and tell him the issues, which he addresses promptly. 24. We pay the bill and leave the restaurant. Post Purchase Stage: Three parts of this script that â€Å"went smoothly† and conformed to our expectations: Taste: The taste definitely conformed to our pre-purchase expectations. We had visited ‘Little Woods’ a number of times before and had already developed a taste for it.The taste of the food items has always been up to great standards and we have never had any deviations in the taste every time. Ambience: The ambience of the restaurant is one of the best in this area. The colour scheme on the wall blends with the architecture very beautiful. Soft music is played in the background which gives us a very good feeling while eating the food. 6|Page â€Å"Final Report†, Group-5(Sec-B) Manager/Cashier Behaviour: The manager was very kind and listened to our problems and straightaway corrected the bill without asking the waiter for any kind of confirmation.He trusted us and solved the issue in a jiffy. Three parts of this script that deviated from our expectations: Table and Chair Arrangements: We were highly disappointed that we ourselves had to arrange the tables and chairs so that all the 6 of us can sit together. Even the waiters did not help us. They were just carrying out their usual work without even asking us if we needed any kind of help. No timely Delivery: We were told initially that the food will arrive in 10 minutes. But in reality, it took almost 25 minutes for us to see the dishes on our tables. Communication:We sincerely feel that there existed a big gap in the communication between the different parties involved. The order which we had given was not communicated correctly wit h the chef by the waiter. The waiter also had not communicated well with the cashier, which is definitely the reason for the discrepancies in the bill. The Servicescapes Model- An Integrative Framework: We know that employees and customers in service firms respond to dimensions of their physical surroundings cognitively, emotionally and physiologically, and that those responses are what influence their behaviours in the environment.Internal Responses: ? ? ? Cognitive – knowledge structure Affective – feelings & emotions Physiological- changes in Environment and Cognition: The perceived servicescape may elicit cognitive responses influencing people’s beliefs about a place and their beliefs about the people and products found in that place. Belief: In little woods , particular environment cues such as the type of furniture in the restaurant, ambience of the restaurant, lighting of the restaurant may influence customer belief’s about little woods and then cu stomer tries to predict the quality and price of the food. |Page â€Å"Final Report†, Group-5(Sec-B) Categorize: Categorization is the process, by which we assign a label to an object; perceptions of the servicescape may simply help people to distinguishing a firm by influencing a firm how it is categorized. In the resturant industry a particular configuration of environmental cues suggests that â€Å"fast food† where generally self service system is there whereas another configuration suggests â€Å"elegant sit down restaurant† where you can order for the food.In little woods we have second type of configuration in which pepole come, sit and take food. Environment and Emotion: In addition to influencing cognitions, the perceived servicescape may elicit emotional responses that in turn influence behaviours. Emotion eliciting qualities of environments are captured by two dimensions: pleasure and displeasure and degree of arousal. For example, environments that el icit feelings of pleasure are likely to be ones where people want to spend money and time, whereas unpleasant environments are avoided.In little woods we have seen that people are ready to spent money and time for the service they have in restaurant. Environment and psychology: The perceived servicescape may also affect people in purely physiological ways. In a particular restaurant noise that is too loud may cause physical discomfort, the temperature of a room may cause people to shiver or perspire, the air quality may make it difficult to breathe, and the glare of lighting may decrease ability to see and cause physical pain.All of those physical responses may in turn directly influence whether or not people stay in and enjoy a particular environment. In little woods we have seen that physical discomfort is not there. Relative comfort of sitting in a restaurant influences how long people stay. When they become uncomfortable sitting on a hard surface in a fast food restaurant, most people leave within a predictable period of time. In little woods we have seen that sitting arrangements are very good. The floor of restaurant is also is very good.In addition to directly affecting behaviour, physiological responses may influence seemingly unrelated beliefs and feelings about the place and the people there. 8|Page â€Å"Final Report†, Group-5(Sec-B) Service Blueprint: Physical Evidence Arrive at the restaurant Parking area Enter the restaurant Go to the table Dining area Go through the menu Place the order Receive food Eat Receive and pay bill Leave the restaurant Customer Line of interaction _________________________________________________________________________ C o n t a c t P e r s o n Onstage) Greeted by the waiter Shown the table by the waiter Provide menu Take order Serve beverrages Serve meal Clear dishes and trash Collect payment and return receipt Line of visibility ——————————â €”——————————————————————————(Backstage) Check table availability Place order in kitchen Pick up order Process payment Line of internal interaction ___________________________________________________________________________ Support Processes 9|Page Prepare meal Inform waiter Final Report†, Group-5(Sec-B) Service Blueprint: is a technique used for service innovation. Service blueprint consists of 5 components: 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) Customer Actions Onstage / Visible Contact Employee Actions Backstage / Invisible Contact Employee Actions Support Processes Physical Evidence 1) The customer actions include: o Entering into the restaurant o Go to the table o Review the menu o Place order o Receive food o Eat o Pay cash/cheque o Receive change o Leave the restaurant 2) The onstage employee actions include: ? Greet customer ? Show customer to table

Atonement film essay

In the film, the perspective someone has on various events are shown to greatly contrast. An example of this Is an argument between two of the film's key characters, Cecilia and Robbie, at the beginning of the film. This argument is in fact shown twice in a row, once through the perspective of Celeriac's younger sister Bryony, and again close to the action. In Britons view, she observes through an upstairs window of their manor house an argument that she perceives to be full of sexual tension. She can hear none of what is being said, apart from Robbie sharply shouting â€Å"wait! â€Å".Her Inability to fully understand the argument meant that the little she could see, led to her making lady inaccurate conclusions as to what the argument was about. She assumes Robbie shouting is out of anger, and that the tension between Robbie and Cecilia is solely imposed by him. This is shown to be wrong when the scene is shown a second time, with this time showing that the argument was over som ething trivial, and the sexual tension was triggered by both Cecilia and Robbie. Because she had a skewed perspective, Bryony gets an Idea that causes many problems later In the film.By using these differing perspectives, Wright therefore forces us to consider what we are and rent shown in other films of the same genre. In most love stories, conflicts arise (and are resolved) in the course of the film. In his film, however, Wright shows how inaccurate having a single perspective on a conflict can be, making us doubt the truth in other stories. It is also a reflection on the real world application of perspective. Wright literally shows us that â€Å"there are two sides to every story†, and how the differences between them can define not only a film, but a life.Wright also uses time to expand on what is shown In his film. Unlike typical love stones In which a happily ever after is reached in not only the two hours of the film, but the limited amount of time the characters in th e film experience, Wright makes his characters live out their whole lives before the camera. The film begins in 1935 when Bryony is 13. She is shown at two other ages, at both 18 and 77, meaning the story we are told is 64 years long. This means that the characters' whole lives pass, and through this we can see their relationships develop and change over a large amount of time.As a result of a lie she told at age 13, Bryony spends her whole life trying to atone for the damage it as done, and by being able to see how she is still trying to atone for her actions 64 years after the fact means that we can truly understand the consequences of even small actions. This time-twist on the traditional â€Å"butterfly effect† mean that we see exactly what effects her actions have not only on herself, but on the people around her. Two such people are Robbie and Cecilia. The theme of love between them Is years long like Britons is.This is because one of the effects of her lie was their de aths, only months apart from each other, 5 years after the lie was told. However, ring these 5 years we are able to see the ups, downs, twists and turns of their aging love. In doing so, Wright makes their relationship more realistic than what is typical in romantic films. The usual structure involves one, maybe two obstacles to be overcome before reaching resolution and a happy ending. Robbie and Cecilia, however, are faced with unending hardship and a lot of time apart.The increased length of relationship time we are shown results in the audience being more able to compare the film to their own lives. Real relationships are never finished. They intention, whether interrupted or not, until one or both parties are no longer committed. Robbie and Cecilia remained committed to each other up to their deaths, and by showing how they stood the test of time despite adversities, Wright reflects on the need for commitment and patience in relation to the constant growth of real relationships .This truthfulness in Wright's portrayal of relationships is extended by the lack of a true happy ending in the film. Love stories are watched because a happy ending is guaranteed. The lack of such assurance in real life means people crave some sort of promise that true happiness is a real possibility. By watching characters on a screen have (or earn) their happy ending we allow ourselves to doubt the possible disappointment and cruelty life could offer. In Wright's film, however, he plays with this idea.The film's two lovers, Cecilia and Robbie, are not allowed a happy ending. They die apart and alone before they can have their happiness, denied the happy ending we have learnt to expect. This is initially shocking to the audience, with Wright delivering their endings abruptly, and without apology. But it is this very shock factor that sets this film apart. If the film were to have a happy ending, t would have nowhere near the same effect on the audience.Instead of being content and satisfied, we are shocked, saddened, and, ultimately, challenged by Wright to not rely on a happy ending falling into place, but to make our own happiness. The film Atonement directed by Joe Wright refreshes a traditional love story with interesting twists and conventions. By playing around with perspective, time and the idea of happy endings, Wright not only made an interesting and challenging film, but also challenges traditional genre conventions. In doing so, his film is new and refreshing, despite being a typical love story at heart.

The Freedom of the Streets Work, Citizenship, and Sexuality in a Gilded Age City by Sharon Wood

The Freedom of the Streets Work, Citizenship, and Sexuality in a Gilded Age City by Sharon Wood Book Summary In the book, ‘The Freedom of the Streets’, Sharon Wood explores the socioeconomic challenges of Davenport’s women in the aftermath of the Civil War. Wood describes the interrelated issues of sexuality, gender and prostitution, which dominated public morality debates during this era. The book explains how in the aftermath of the Civil War, economic hardships forced young women in small Midwestern towns to move to big cities such as New York and Chicago, as well as the smaller Iowan city of Davenport in search of paid employment.Advertising We will write a custom book review sample on â€Å"The Freedom of the Streets: Work, Citizenship, and Sexuality in a Gilded Age City† by Sharon Wood specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The young women looked for work in factories, offices and storehouses, and formed self-support groups in a bid to establish themselves as single, independent working women (14). The ir lifestyles and presence in the city streets had a dramatic impact on urban life, public perceptions and social institutions of the 20th century urban centers. Important Lessons from the Book Wood offers a detailed study of the place of young women in America in the 19th Century cities. In particular, the author delves into prostitution in the city streets of Davenport, Iowa, how it was perceived and its ramifications on the society. In Wood’s view, the struggles of the young women forced them into prostitution, which, in Davenport’s context, was considered a form of gainful employment. Wood’s approach gives the reader an all-new perspective on prostitution that is different from the typical perspectives offered in other studies. From a public morality perspective, prostitution was considered a social evil that contravenes moral values. Though considered one of the dangers of social growth in urban centers, prostitution played a role in shaping the civic insti tutions and politics of the 19th Century cities. Another important lesson from this book relates to the significance of small cities and towns in the industrialization of America. Wood focuses on Davenport to emphasize on the role of smaller cities during this era. She contends that their smaller geographical size allowed people to live in defined communities, which â€Å"may be lost in the vastness of large cities like Chicago and New York† (4). The vivid account of Davenport’s women, public lifestyles and prostitution offers glimpses into the forces behind the civic and political transformations of the 20th Century. Moreover, the book shows how the relations involving Davenport’s prostitutes, the public and the city officials determined how social and civic institutions would operate in the turn of the 20th Century. How the Author did it The book begins with an account of the struggles of Davenport’s young women, who were trying to establish themselves as working class women by engaging gainful employment. To support one another economically and enhance the accessibility of employment opportunities for women, young women who believed in â€Å"the idea of self-support for women† (67) formed a ‘Lend a Hand Club’.Advertising Looking for book review on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This club, under the leadership of Jennie McCowen, recruited young women from several occupations including clerks, teachers and domestic servants (65). As the working women lived in defined communities, their presence in the city streets when walking to work was associated with prostitution. To remove this stigma, they forced the city officials to employ a policewoman to tackle the problem of prostitution that was on the rise in the city streets. Through this account, the author shows that social stigma was associated with women workers who dominated public sp heres such as city streets and entertainment areas. In the following sections of the book, Wood focuses on the prostitution in Davenport’s streets. In Davenport, the public perceptions of ‘paid sex’ varied depending on gender, economic class and age. She notes that â€Å"men and women, young and old, working and middle class† (78) held different views regarding prostitution. Wood uses police records of rape cases to explore the common line of defense used by the perpetrators or the â€Å"sporting men† (78). The defendants often argued that it was the young women’s misbehaviors in the public sphere that prompted them to assault their victims. Moreover, the young women’s presence in areas such as city streets and entertainment spots frequented by men shaped the public perceptions and justified the â€Å"sporting men’s† actions. Davenport adopted a regulated prostitution strategy in tackling the problem of prostitution. Its approach (regulated prostitution) required brothel owners to pay a monthly fee to the city officials to get a registration license. Davenport banned unregistered ‘paid sex’ in public places such as hotels and lodgings. Besides banning unregistered prostitution, Davenport’s city officials engaged in strategic anti-prostitution campaigns to prevent teenage prostitution. According to Wood, the â€Å"Good Shepherd Home†, served as an informal reformatory center that protected young girls from exposure to teenage prostitution (82). Drawing from cases of girls who were sheltered in this home, Wood explains how Davenport’s novel approach helped reduce teenage prostitution in this city. What the Author was trying to do Wood attempts to explore the public perceptions surrounding gender, female sexuality and prostitution in small cities in the 19th Century. Through her account of the young women’s struggles and the public presence of young women, the a uthor examines how public perceptions largely defined the women’s place in society.Advertising We will write a custom book review sample on â€Å"The Freedom of the Streets: Work, Citizenship, and Sexuality in a Gilded Age City† by Sharon Wood specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Working women, fearful of being maligned as prostitutes for venturing out into the city streets, had to coerce city officials to remove prostitutes from Davenport’s streets. The author underscores the issue of social stigma and how the anti-prostitution campaigns were discriminatory. The young women’s relations with the city officials and the public perceptions would later define the political, social and civic institutions of the city in the 20th Century. Reference List Wood, Sharon. 2005. The Freedom of the Streets: Work, Citizenship, and Sexuality in a  Gilded Age City. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.

Vis-à-vis Has More Than One Use

Visvis Has More Than One Use Visvis Has More Than One Use Visvis Has More Than One Use By Maeve Maddox A French borrowing, visvis [VEEZ-uh-VEE] means literally, â€Å"face to face.† Visvis as a noun One meaning of visvis is â€Å"a political or diplomatic counterpart.† For example, a commenter in a Thai political forum refers to the US president as â€Å"Putin’s vis-a-vis in the White House.† Other meanings for visvis as a noun include â€Å"dancing partner,† â€Å"person seated opposite,† â€Å"conversational partner,† etc. Here are examples: No, replied  his vis-a-vis, with a falling inflection The man looked suspicious, and exchanged glances with  his vis-a-vis: both were middle-aged, and of the very middle class. She did not wish to  dance; she was faint- she had no  vis-a-vis. As a noun, visvis can also mean meeting, interview, or rendezvous: Thus, a  suitor  having a discreet  vis-a-vis with  his beloved would cautiously ascertain her fathers whereabouts Visvis as an adverb The literal meaning is implicit in the use of visvis as an adverb, like this example from a movie site: All the star teams dancing efforts are honeys. Miss Rogers in this one goes beyond the role of dancing vis-a-vis for Astaire and emerges as a corking stepper in her own right. Note: This quotation uses for, but to and with are more common when the adverb takes a preposition: â€Å"dancing vis-a-vis to Astaire,† â€Å"seated vis-a-vis with her uncle.† Here are two more examples of adverbial use: Dancing vis-a-vis  they again sidestepped and each position was repeated five or six times. The design represents two females,  seated, vis-a-vis, upon chairs without  backs. Visvis as an adjective In cruising the Web for examples to use in this post, I came upon a Mercedes advertisement for the Ares Atelier, S Class XXL. The description boasts â€Å"Vis-a-vis first class seats.† These are seats arranged so that passengers face one another. Visvis in corporate-speak Visvis is frequently met in writing about government and business, in which the term is used to mean regarding, concerning, relating to, compared with, with respect to, or re. Here are examples of this usage: History of US policy vis-a-vis Cuba inconsistent at best That’s one of the reasons the President made the decision he made vis-a-vis US companies in the telecommunications area. Moscow has visibly hardened its stance vis-a-vis the West even as President Vladimir Putin arrived in Milan late Thursday for the ASEM summit With the rise of Spender and Whitlam as dominant influences in the early 1950s, Australia’s policy became marked by an emphasis on the distinct nature of moral human rights  vis-a-vis  legal human rights. Note: The OED, Merriam-Webster, and The Chicago Manual of Style all show visvis with the accent, but most of the examples I found were written without an accent. The expression is not italicized. The use of visvis to mean â€Å"with respect to† seems to me to be an unnecessary obfuscation and waste of the â€Å"face-to-face† sense. Writers who desire to decorate their writing with a French expression that means â€Å"with regard to† or â€Å"in respect of,† can always fall back on apropos. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Writing a Reference Letter (With Examples)In Search of a 4-Dot Ellipsis20 Clipped Forms and Their Place (If Any) in Formal Writing

RTI module Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

RTI module - Essay Example Finally, wrap up involves adopting the RTI approach in schools to change the existing processes (The IRIS Center, 2012). This module should explore in detail the assessment actions integral to RTI (The IRIS Center, 2012). It outlines how to use growth monitoring data to decide if a student is meeting the recognized performance norm or if more rigorous intervention is required. When specific criteria are utilized, cut scores should be established to assess learners against a particular level of proficiency such as achieving a mark of 15 or above (The IRIS Center, 2012). Students scores, in a normative comparison, should be compared against those of a greater group such as getting marks over the 25th percentile compared to a nationwide sample of 3rd grade learners (The IRIS Center, 2012). I would stress to Ms. Doran that the core curriculum in the classroom must be field tested and research-based (The IRIS Center, 2012). This section describes which students should receive Tier 3 intercession or special education services. The educator should also use this module to examine parents’ involvement in assisting English Language Learners gain knowledge. This implies, derived from evidence from assembled research, that the core curriculum incorporates all the elements found essential to successfully teach students and has an identified record of

COM101 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 4

COM101 - Essay Example ce the audience that a child raised by a gay couple is no different from other children, he uses his achievements in school and his small business to illustrate this fact. He also uses examples from his own family to show that this family is no different from others. Finally, the overall structure of the presentation was excellent. He starts by introducing himself as a son of a lesbian couple, offers his supporting arguments and then closes by restating that children raised by gay couples are just like any other children. This organization helps to bring out the key points clearly. However, this presentation could have been more effective if the speaker had used a slower pace in his speech. Some of the words may not be captured by everyone in the audience, especially those whose first language is not English. Secondly, in order to address concerns the audience may have had, the speaker should have taken some time to respond to the questions from the audience. Finally, in order to make his argument more convincing, he needed to give some statistics relating to the issue. For example, he could give statistics relating to children raised by gay couples in Iowa

Cakes Health Effects on Humans Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Cakes Health Effects on Humans - Essay Example Sugar is a substance easy to abuse but when one is aware of the health effects, the decision requires a re-thinking. Seslar (p.67) discovered that sugar presents a very tempting likelihood of abuse and it often leads to addiction. Sadly, as the abuse keeps taking place so does health deterioration. Consequently, in the end, the person has too much sugar in the body hence leading to some health concerns. Apart from rendering one’s teeth less useful, cakes tend to have other preservatives that have been found to be a health risk to many. Howard and Wylie-Rosett (p.24) noted that due to lack of monitoring, many cakes are made with little regard for health thus posing a real health risk. Unfortunately, not many people take time to investigate some of the purported ingredients. Even though many cakes are portrayed as ones reach with all the necessities the body requires, the opposite is the truth in many cases. Sugar is a necessity to the body but moderation has to be practiced or else memory capability will decline significantly. It was noted that too much consumption of foods with excessive sugar could lead to decreased memory (Avena, Pedro and Bartley p.24). Normally, this occurs because many, if not all, of the cakes consumed, are cooked containing significant amounts of sugar. Worse still, the consumers of these cakes take them in large quantities thus increasing the amount in the body. Whereas this paper is not necessarily demonizing cakes, it is the manufacturers’ tendency to focus on money that makes the situation worse. On the other hand, the consumers escalate the situation by consuming without control. Even though health concerns have been raised about the cakes, it is imperative to state that wheat, an ingredient of cakes, plays an essential role in humans’ health.

Ethics Scholarship Essay Essay Example for Free

Ethics Scholarship Essay Essay One ethical issue to which I became aware of while in college mainly involved cases illegal drugs, bribery, and cheating. Although there is an existing law against illegal drugs and most schools and universities are very stringent in imposing penalties for illegal activities and other things that are criminal in nature, sadly there are still some students who find ways to break those rules, especially outside the campus. While I am not the one involved in these illegal activities, I felt that I had a moral obligation because two of my classmates were involved. These classmates of mine were actually good people, but unfortunately, they ended up with the wrong company. It took place not very long ago, during a house party held by one of the rich students in the university. This certain student, whom I personally know, constantly held parties in his/her lavish house. My two classmates were not invited because the host of the party didn’t like their introvert nature. They were very shy, had very little friends, and were only interested in playing video games and the like. Nevertheless, as I have mentioned above, they were people who possessed values. The problem is they just lacked social skills. One day in class, I noticed that they were talking to a guy who was a notorious rule breaker in the university and was one of the friend of the rich person mentioned earlier. Later, I found out that they were invited to one of the parties held by the rich person and they were both very excited to go as it was their first time to have the change to mingle with a lot of people. On the night of the party, I was to see them talking to a couple of girls and boys. Although I do not wish to judge them, I was a bit confused because, as mentioned above, they were very shy and were not the type of people who would approach someone for a casual conversation. I felt happy for my two classmates but I noticed that certain things about them started to change in the succeeding months. There were instances that they were absent from class, which was something they never did, and there were also times that they were asleep during a lecture or an exam. After some time, I spoke with one of the two and found out that the reason behind their unusual behavior was because of illegal drugs. This person further revealed that they were invited to the rich student’s party on the condition that they would do the assignments of a group of people who were close to of him/her (rich student). This classmate of mine also told me that they were doing drugs because it was considered â€Å"cool† among their new circle of friends. However, the main problem was that both these classmates of mine were nearly failing a lot of their subjects due to their absences and neglect. Because I was concerned for them, I sought the help of fellow students who were also concerned and together we notified the university officials on condition of anonymity. Although it was the right thing to do, I had an ethical dilemma because as a result of my actions, my two classmates were indefinitely suspended from school and were taken to a rehabilitation facility. I was very bothered at first because in a way, I cost them a lot by revealing their secret illegal activities. But after several months, I realized that it was the only thing to do because I didn’t want their future to be ruined by drugs. Basically, this event has impacted me in such a way that I carefully choose whom I associate with. Although I have a lot of friends, I only trust people whom I am sure would not give in to negative influences and to peer-pressure from the wrong ground. It also made me more vigilant and more careful of people who are trying to be nice to me but actually have ulterior motives. On the business perspective, it made me more cautious in dealing with alleged â€Å"easy money† gimmicks and deals which are perpetrated by people who have questionable backgrounds. In short, it made me wiser and clever in terms of business dealings because now I am more aware of the capabilities of certain people who only claim to offer good deals but in truth, do not offer anything of value at all.